Cardiovascular Case Study

Atrial septal Defect(ASD) is a very large conundrum concerning the heart in its overall function. When the heart, world the core of the cardiovascular system, has issues it personal effects the rest of the body as a result. The core of the problem resides in the atrial septum. Normally the heart is divided into four separate chambers. nonwithstanding a person with atrial septal defect has an atrial septum that allows the tear from the left side of the heart back into the right side. This results in increase pulmonary note flow and diastolic overload of the right ventricle.By having this unremitting left-to-right shunt, it can alter the pulmonary vascular resistance leading to high blood pressure or even the reversal of the shunt itself. There are three types of Atrial Septal Defects ostium secundum, ostium primum, and sinus venosus. The opening of the atrial septum may be small, on the count of the foramen ovale failing to close or large, when the septum is altogether abse nt from the heart itself. There is a very logical commentary between Ryans inability to gain metric weight unit, as closely as not taking an interest in solid food during meals.His body isnt able to amaze normally because the exchange of nutrients and waste products in his body is completely wanting(p). He isnt absorbing the adequate amount of nutrients that his body needs. Him being 11-months old, this causes a extensive problem because nutrition is extremely important. His heart is working less(prenominal) efficiently, which makes the blood traveling throughout his body subsequently deficient as well. solely of the systems in Ryans body are deviation to be affected by his diagnosis of Atrial Septal Defect. Ryans growth and development is not seize for his age.Ryan was born weighing 7lbs, and now, 11 months later he is 15. 4 lbs. He is close to being a 1 year old, and his birth weight should be a little less that triple the amount that he was at birth. Ryan should be appro ximately 21 lbs at his current age, exit about a 5-6 lb deficit. Ryans parents stated that he doesnt crawl or attempt to stand because of the fact that he gets out of breath easily. This is being caused by the Atrial Septal Defect. All he can do is sit unsupported, which he should have been able to do at 8 months.At 11 months old, Ryan should be able to stand upright holding onto an adults hand, as well as feed himself finger foods and drink from a sippy cup. He should be able to pull himself up to a standing shoes as well. Also, sleeping after eating is just an indication of how ofttimes energy it is for him to complete a meal, which is making him uninterested in food overall. Again, all of these factors seem to be affected by his current diagnosis. Ryan is soon on Digoxin 200 micrograms and furosemide 10 mg q day.He is confident(p) Digoxin because this practice of medicine increases overall cardiac output as well as slowing the heart rate. This is good for Ryan, because at t his point he is not receiving the appropriate amount of output needed for his growth and development. Furosemide is a diuretic that treats fluid retention as well as hypertension. This is important because when there is a defect with the heart, pulmonary issues may happen when fluid retention begins. Also, Ryan is currently predisposed to hypertension because of his condition. Ryans current one thousand level was at a 2. 9 mml/L.Adequate levels of Potassium compared to his age should be at 3. 3-4. 7 mmol/L. Too little Potassium affects the hearts relative frequency as well as contractions. His Digoxin levels were tested to see if the medication was becoming toxic. He was at a 2. 6 ng/ml which is in the upper limits, but not enough to be considered toxic. present are some examples of nursing diagnosis that patients like Ryan would have Risk for deficient fluid volume related to preoperative diarrhea. Impaired nutrition less than body requirements. Decreased cardiac output related to pre-existing via media in cardiac function.Fatigue related to decreased cardiac output. Nursing Diagnosis for Ryan space Operative would be Risk for infection related to surgical incision. neat pain related to post operative surgery. Impaired verbal intercourse related to age. Risk for aspiration related to immobility. Teaching is such a vital component in ensuring that all patients are fully advised of their medical condition. Ryan, being an 11 month old, the teaching must go to his parents. They will need to be supplied information about Atrial Septal Defect, surgeries involved, and the prognosis when completed.They will need specific information about the medications that Ryan is going to be on. They will need to be aware of the medications actions, side effects, and affirmable signs of toxicity/allergies. If Ryan were to have surgery, they would need to be taught how to care for the incision by rights to avoid infection. They will need to know the signs and symptoms o f infection. Last, they will need to stop that they are constantly promoting proper growth and development with Ryan, so a daily plan must be made. That includes activities, diet, etc.